不真正连带责任的诉讼构造——以《民法典》第1203条为中心

The Litigation Structure of Unreal Joint Liability Focusing on Article 1203 of the Civil Code

Unreal joint liability is a unique type of civil joint liability in China. To facilitate the needs of the obligees to seek relief, substantive law gives obligees for prosecution options. But in the judicial practice, the serious shortage of rules of procedure makes the practices diversified in the choice of court in litigation form, an outsider procedural safeguard limits and the presentation of the main text of the judgment. so it is necessary to start with internal and external relationship of unreal joint liability, apply similar necessary joint action to construct unreal joint liability litigation structure. In the stage of litigation, the ultimate liable person who is not listed as the defendant can enter the litigation as an auxiliary third party or witness and obtain certain procedural protection by comprehensively considering the factors of “procedural protection, litigation economy, case investigation” and so on. In the stage of liability determination, the objective scope of res judicata is expanded to block the right of the successful plaintiff to claim the same facts separately, so as to give consideration to the interests of the litigant subjects and the quality and effect of dispute resolution.