县域银行网点布局与农村信贷资金流动

在市场准入制度变迁背景下,以江苏省为例,运用系统广义矩估计法分析了县域银行网点布局对农村信贷资金流动的影响机制。结果显示:整体而言,县域本地银行网点的增设提升了农村贷款市场竞争度,显著增加了农村信贷资金的净流入;分机构而言,股份制银行和准入新政前的大型银行倾向于通过新增网点转移本地资金,表现为抽水机效应,而县域法人银行、准入新政后的大型银行增设网点则表现为引水渠效应;分地区而言,经济发达县域银行网点的增设形成了市场内部的同质化竞争,引致农村信贷资金的抽水机效应,而经济欠发达县域银行网点的增设形成了市场内部的差异化竞争,体现为信贷资金的引水渠效应。

County Bank Outlets Layout and Rural Credit Capital Flow

In the context of market access system change, taking Jiangsu Province as an example, this paper adopts the systematic generalized moment method to study the impact mechanism of county bank outlets layout on rural credit capital flow. The conclusion shows that: on the whole, the addition of bank outlets will improve the competitiveness of rural loan market, and significantly increase the net inflow of rural credit capital. By the classification of institutions: the establishment of additional outlets by local corporate banks is beneficial to expanding local market share and restraining the outflow of local capital; the joint stock banks tend to transfer local capital through new outlets on the basis of profit seeking motive; and the establishment of additional outlets in large banks under centralized credit management mode intensifies the net outflow of rural credit capital. However, when the new access policy was adopted in 2006, the establishment of additional outlets under the operating mode of the three rural issues financing division is conducive to the local investment of rural credit capital. By regional division, the increase of bank outlets in developed counties has resulted in homogeneous competition within the market, which has triggered the rural credit capital outflow, while that in underdeveloped counties has led to differentiated competition within the market and reduced the rural credit capital outflow.