论西方逻辑学的超越与我国大学逻辑教育

逻辑与科学、哲学的关系是科技文化学和科技教育学的重要命题。有一种"中国古代无逻辑"的说法,是一种误识,影响了对逻辑的深刻认识和影响了对逻辑的教育,需要改变和超越:其一,中国古代没有明细的逻辑学并不妨碍其他学术的发展。其二,中国古典哲学的有些基本概念和观念的提出超越了西学。其三,按照中国古代观念,逻辑不是形式是名理,辩证不是逻辑是易道,辩证法与逻辑学是统一的。据此提出逻辑学中国化方案,建议增加三条定律:定义的约定俗成律、判断的同异交得律和推理的容欠理由律。我国大学高等教育的辩证法课,应重新设计,以克服西方传统逻辑学的狭隘和局限。

On Transcendence of Western Logic and China's University Education on Logic

The relation between logic and science and philosophy is an important subject in the studies of scientific and technological culture and education.The view that "There was no logic in ancient China" is a misunderstanding,which has affected the profound cognition of logic and logic education,and which should be corrected and be transcended.Firstly,the lack of classification of logic in ancient China does not form a barrier to the development of other sciences.Secondly,the raising of some basic concepts and ideas in China's ancient philosophy exceeded that of the studies in the West.Thirdly,in the light of China's ancient notions,logic is stating reasoning instead of a form,dialectics is the "Way of Changes" instead of logics,and dialectic and logics are uniform.On this basis,a scheme of Chinese logics is brought up with three proposed laws: the law of establishment of definitions by usage,the law of unity in contradicted similarities and differences,and the law of tolerance of lack of reasons.The dialectics courses in China's universities should be redesigned to overcome the parochialism and limitations in Western traditional logics.