绿色政治时代中的毛泽东与妇女问题:一些批判性反思

历史情境的变化在毛泽东对妇女解放问题的关切中打下了深深的烙印。在他的早年,毛泽东将妇女问题主要归咎于中国的传统社会与文化结构;在1920～1921年转向马克思主义后,毛泽东将性别问题与经济发展联系起来;1936年以后,毛泽东对妇女问题的关注趋向一般化处理,1958年以后他的关注则严重受限于他政治思考的整体结构。因此,新中国的妇女地位虽然在提高,但许多重要的问题———并不止于妇女问题———在毛泽东的政治思考中仍处在被抑制状态。毛泽东所有这些对妇女问题的思考与当代有关妇女和发展问题的讨论产生了某种契合,从而为重新审视女性主义和生态主义所提出的性别、环境等问题提供了一些素材。

Mao Zedong and Women Question in an age of Green Politics: Some Critical Reflections

Mao Zedong's concern about women liberation changed with the historical context. In his early years, Mao attributed women question to the Chinese traditional social and cultural structure. During 1920 and 1921 when he pursued Marxism, Mao linked the gender with the economic development. After 1936, Mao's concern about women question tended to be vague and general. After 1858, his concern had been seriously restrained by his entire structure of political thought. Thus, women in new China were valued high, yet many important issues, including women question remained restrained. Mao's reflections on women question, to some extent, corresponded to the current discussions about woman and development, providing some source materials for reexamining the gender and environmental issues forwarded by feminism and ecology.