论曹禺对中国现代戏剧理论的贡献

曹禺是现代著名的剧作家,但在戏剧理论上也有独到的见解。曹禺的悲剧观念,虽然受到了古希腊命运悲剧的深刻影响,但又有新的超越。曹禺把命运理解为"机遇"或"环境",具有浓重的唯物主义色彩。因而,他的剧作具有深刻的社会意义。在创作上,曹禺主张写"真知道"的东西。他认为情和理都是从生活中来,要真知道才能使作品做到情理交融,这是关系到作品成败的重大问题。在编剧理论上,他要求编剧要考虑到演员的表演,应尽量多找动作,以便增强观赏性。在演剧理论上,他特别强调演出的真实性。他还指出演员感情的表现,要注意控制,要懂节制。曹禺的这些极富个性特征的戏剧思想,为中国现代戏剧理论宝库留下了一笔弥足珍贵的思想财富。

On Cao Yu's Contribution to the Theory of Chinese Modern Drama

As a famous dramatist, Cao Yu holds unique opinions on the theory of drama. Although his notion of tragedy is greatly influenced by ancient Greek tragedy drama, he excels in his own way. In his opinion, fate is "opportunity" or "environment" with a strong characteristics of materialism. Therefore, his drama carries a profound social meaning. In writing, he claims to write on "Full awareness". He believes emotion and reasoning are all from life, and only "full awareness"is able to combine emotion and reasoning naturally. This is the key question to the success of a drama. In theory of play writing, he demands the playwright to take acting of actors into consideration, and to find actions as many as possible to improve appreciativeness. In theory of performing, he emphasizes on truthfulness. He points out the performance of actors' emotion should be controlled and measured. Those dramatic thinking with his unique characteristics is great rare wealth in the theory of Chinese modern drama.