壮族乡约制度功能研究:以龙脊十三寨为例

20世纪 90年代以来 ,乡约制度的研究一直是中国基层社会史研究的热点问题。本文在对以往研究成果评述的基础上 ,运用功能主义等人类学方法 ,以龙脊十三寨为例 ,对壮族乡约制度的功能状况进行探讨。认为 ,壮族乡约制度之所以产生并发展 ,是因为龙脊地方对于乡约制度这种形式的民族成文法有很强的社会需要。壮族乡约制度具有存在与发展的功能意义。壮族乡约制度作为一种民间法与民族社会的关系 ,它的功能在经济、社会、心理等领域很突出地表现出来 ,并且不仅具有显功能和隐功能之分 ,同时也有正功能和反功能之分。为了保证壮族乡约制度功能的实现 ,龙脊十三寨还发展了囊括六种制裁方法的制裁体系。壮族乡约制度在过去很长的历史时期内很好地实现了对龙脊地方良性控制 ,这对于政府处理当前乡规民约复兴问题有很强的借鉴意义

Study on the Functions of Zhuang Village Regulations Institution: taking the Longji Thirteen Villages as an example

Since 1990s,study on Village Regulations Institution is a focus issue of thesocial history of the basic unit of China.Basing on the commentary to studies in the past,using functionalism and other anthropology methods,this text discussed the functions of Zhuang Village Regulations lnstitution taking the Longji Thirteen Villages as an example.This article thinks,Zhuang Village Regulations Institution can produce and develop is because Longji had very strong social need to Village regulations Institution as a form of the national written law.Zhuang Village Regulations Institution had functional meanings being and developing.Zhuang Village Regulations Institution as a kind of the relation of folk law and national society,its function showed very outstandingly in the fields of economy,society,psychology etc.And its function not only had a difference of manifest function and latent function,but also had a difference of function and dysfunction.For guaranteeing the function of Zhuang Village Regulations Institution coming true,Long-ji Thirteen Villages developed a sanction system including six kinds of sanction methods.Zhuang Village Regulations Institution had realized benignly control towards Longji,and there are very strong reference meanings to the thing that thegovernment deals with the rejuvenation problem of the folk regulations at present.