略论句干及其句式

句干是句子的主干,是句子除去表达交际用途的语气的那个部分.句干主要用来表达思维结构或信息内容.句干(特指句干的句式)指由一定的语法形式(包括词类序列、特定词、固定格式等)显示的包含句法结构、语义结构以及句式义的抽象结构体.句式具有“三维性”(句法、语义、语用三个平面),是句型、句模和句式义的综合体.句式义指句式自身整体的语用表达功能意义,主要由三部分组成:一是反映基本信息的部分,二是反映附加信息的部分,三是反映说话者表达意图的部分.

On the Sentence Stem and Sentence Construction

The sentence stem is the main part of the sentence which is left when the tonal part expressing the communicative functions is removed.The stem is mainly used to express the structure of thinking or the content of information.The construction,or more precisely the construction of the stem,refers to the abstract structural pattern composed of syntactic structure,semantic structure and constructional meanings which are conveyed by certain grammatical forms such as sequences of parts of speech,particular words or fixed structures.The construction is a combination of sentence pattern,sentence model and constructional meanings which belong to syntax,semantics and pragmatics respectively.The constructional meaning refers to the pragmatic meanings represented by the construction in itself,which are composed of three parts:the basic information,the additional information and the speaker’s purpose of communication.