河南农村劳动力转移的制约因素及对策

河南农村劳动力转移受种种因素制约,形势严峻:一是农村剩余劳动力数量多,转移任务重;二是农村劳动力素质较低,转移难度大;三是城市经济人口承载力严重超载,拉力小、辐射力弱,转移空间小;四是农村劳动力城镇生活压力大,转移能力弱;五是相关制度建设明显滞后,转移阻力多。要加快农村剩余劳动力转移,必须采取相应的对策:第一,加快农村城镇化进程,是解决农村剩余劳动力转移的根本出路;第二,发展中原城市群,扩大农村劳动力转移的空间;第三,扩大劳务输出规模,拓展农村剩余劳动力就业的外部空间;第四,大力发展农村第三产业,扩大农村剩余劳动力转移的容量;第五,改革户籍管理、健全保障制度,解除农村剩余劳动力转移的阻力;第六,提高农村人口素质和农村人力资本水平,突破制约农村劳动力转移的瓶颈。

The Restriction Factors and Strategies of Henan Rural Labor Transfer

The rural labor transfer in Henan is limited by several factors.1.The number of rural labor surplus is huge.2.The quality of rural labor is low.3.The city economic population is overloaded,the radiance is weak,and the transfer space is small.4.The living pressure of rural labor in city is huge.5.Relative system construction retards.The strategies of rural labor surplus as following.1.Enforcing urbanization process.2.Developing Zhongyuan city group,enlarging the space of rural labor transfer.3.Enlarging the scale of export of labor service,expanding the external employment space of rural labor surplus.4.Advancing rural tertiary industry,broadening the volume of rural labor surplus transfer.5.Reforming residence registration system and health insurance system,eliminating the resistance of rural labor surplus transfer.6.Improving the quality of rural population and the level of human capital,breaking the "bottleneck" restrictions of rural labor transfer.