人力资本投资：应对“三农”问题的战略选择——关于实施农村人力资源开发工程的思考

转型时期我国农村人口和劳动力对有限农业资源的巨大压力所导致的农村劳动力不充分就业乃是当前“三农”问题本质所在。对农村人口“开流断源”即“转移农民 ,减少农民 ,农民变市民”是应对“三农”问题的根本选择。建议立即启动普及基础教育为主体的“农村人力资源开发工程” :( 1 )由中央财政直接承担农村九年制义务教育 ;( 2 )重建农村合作医疗网点 ;( 3)继续强化农村计划生育 ,切断人口过量增长的“源头” ;( 4 )政府通过法律、法规和政策方面的制度创新保障人力资本投资的公平性。

Investment of Human Capital in Rural China: A Solution to Three Issues about Agrieulture, Countryside and Peasantry

This paper is focused on the three issues of agriculture, countryside and peasantry in China and the solution to them. The author points out that it is now highly necessary to initiate the projects of human resource development in rural areas, including programs for improving free basic education, medical and health services and family planning etc. by public investment in human capital from the governments, which enables the traditional peasants to be transferred into modern citizens and the rural people to be urbanized.