词典释义中概括义与具体义取舍刍议--释"无动于衷"

"无动于衷"有"毫不理睬,毫不关心,毫不配合"等多种不同性质不同层次的意义,其中,只有"毫不理睬"这一层可写进词典释义,别的意义应排斥在外.当前语文工具书种类繁多,众多辞书各陈己见,同一个词语同一意义却释义不同,这就淡化了工具书的工具性与权威性.人们对词语概括义与具体义的性质认识不清,将二者交错混杂,是导致这种现象的主要原因之一.词典释义应抓住词义的本质,剔除具体义.

A Discussion on the Choice Between General Meaning and Specific Meaning in Dictionary Explanation -Taking "wu dong yu zhong "As An Example

The idiom "wu dong yu zhong " covers many kinds of meanings such as , "ignorant", "unconcerned", "not supporting"& etc., of which only "ignorance" can be put into dictionary explanations, and the others should be excluded. Currently, there are a profound variety of language reference books, most of which offer the personal opinions of their own authors. In this case, the same word, even the same meaning results in different explanations. Thus it will weaken the instrumental and authoritative function of reference books. However, the main cause for this phenomenon is that people hold a vague recognition of the characteristics of general meaning and specific meaning, and then mix them up. Dictionary explanations should stick to the essence of the word meaning and get rid of its specific meaning.