中国现代史学主潮论纲

:左右中国现代史学发展方向的主要有三大史学思潮 ,即实证主义史学思潮、相对主义史学思潮、马克思主义史学思潮。实证主义史学思潮在二三十年代独霸史坛 ,相对主义史学思潮在三四十年代曾盛兴一时 ,马克思主义史学思潮在三十年代以后 ,尤其是四十年代逐渐成为主导潮流。实证主义史学思潮的特点主要是强调客观 ,排斥主观 ;重视史料 ,忽视理论 ;主张求真 ,不问致用。相对主义史学思潮的主要特点是强调史学的主观性 ,重视理论的探讨和史观的重建 ,倡导史学的实用性。马克思主义史学强调以唯物史观的指导建立历史科学 ,主张理论和史料相结合 ,科学性和革命性相结合。三大史学思潮并不是壁垒森严的绝对对立物 ,它们之间存在着互相汇通与融合的特点和趋势

The Central Tendency of the Chinese Contemporary History

There are three history central history ethos in the Chinese contemporary history,The Ethos of Objectivity History,The Ethos of Subjectivity History,and The Ethos of Marxism History.The Ethos of Objectivity History was seizing hold of the history field in the 1930s;The Ethos of Subjectivity History was prevalence in the 1940s;The Ethos of Marxism History became the mainstream after 1930s,especially in 1940s.The main feature of Objectivity History is mainly emphasizing object,ejecting subjectivity;taking into account history information,ignoring theory;claiming in search of truth,neglecting applying.The main feature of Subjectivity History is emphasizing the subjectivity of history,taking into account probing of theory and rebuilding standpoints of history,calling for the applying of history.Marxism History is emphasizing building history science on the base of the Materialism,claiming combinating theory and history information,as soon as the essence of science and revolution.The three history ethos are not absolute contrary,there are feature and current of interconnections in one another