话说“五至三无”

上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书第二册中《民之父母》篇的发表,肯定了传世文献中"五至三无"说的学派和年代,为研究儒家的形上思想提供了新材料。文中强调的"志"字和"气"字,特别是它们能"塞"于四海和四方的提法,明显是孟子浩然之气话题的前驱。而标举"必达于礼乐之原"为做好"民之父母"的条件,以及高谈"无声之乐,五体之礼"等等,则促使着人们对儒道两家关系做一新的思考,以便更深入地认识先秦思想真相。

Talk about "five compasses and three abstentions"

The publication of Patriarch of Populace in the Bamboo Books of the State of Chu in the Warring States Period from the Collection of Shanghai Museum (Volume Two), which confirms the schools and date of the theory of " five compasses and three abstentions", provides new food to research the metaphysics of Confucian thought. This article lays emphasis on "will (zhi)" and "vitality (qi)", especial the remark that universe is "full of " them, which is, obviously, the precursor of the topic of noble spirit. And the indication that who "will arrive at the origins of rite and music" is qualified for "patriarch of populace", and the praise to "the music without sound, the rite without modality" give a impetus to a new consideration on the relation between Confucianists and Taoists for a thorough realization of the truth of pre-Qin thought.