浙江人在普通话水平测试中的声调问题

浙江人学普通话时声调容易产生的主要问题有：阴平调值过低，上声起点调值偏高，四声调值域相对较窄，缺乏变调概念。对此，可采取如下克服的方法：习惯将声带放松，在语流中把声调的相对音高化作绝对音高，掌握语调的基本规律。普通话水平测试应掌握如下评分标准：单音节字词的声调调值未发成标准值应视作缺陷或错误，双音节词语、朗读及说话部分的声调调值可作为语流现象处理；判断声调的错误和缺陷大致以调形为界较为可行；次轻音的尺度有必要放宽。

Aspects of Tones in PSCTests in Zhejiang Province

The major problems of people in Zhejiang with tones in speaking putonghua or the Standard Mandarin Chinese are an inadequate pitch value in the first tone (yinping), an excessive pitch value in the third tone (shangsheng), and a narrowing of the pitch values of all the four tones that results in a lack of the concept of the allophones. Possible solutions are proposed by way of a practice of relaxing the vocal cord, shifting relative high pitch values to absolute high pitch values, and controlling tone variations. The evaluation criteria for the putonghua tests (PSC) will have to consider the inadequate or excessive pitch values for the monosyllabic words as substandard and those for the disyllabic words and speaking or reading as mere variations in speech flows. Tone shapes are suggested as a necessary evaluation standard, with those of the secondary stress slightly modified.