资金约束供应链RFID投资决策与融资优化

本文以一个供应商和一个存在库存错放的资金约束零售商组成的两级供应链为研究对象，探讨了供应链成员采用无线射频识别（Radio Frequency Identification，RFID）技术的决策及融资选择问题。基于报童模型构建了供应链成员是否采用RFID技术、以及零售商选择贸易信贷融资或银行融资四种情景下的收益模型，求解出链上各成员的最优收益并探讨了RFID采用决策及融资选择策略。研究发现：资金约束零售商通过银行借贷融资可以获得更多的融资金额，但是其选择贸易信贷融资的意愿随着自有资金的减少而增强；当零售商自有资金适中时，随着错放率的上升或RFID成本的降低，零售商从银行融资向贸易信贷融资转变；银行融资在一定程度上能够缓解零售商的库存错放问题。

RFID Adoption Decision and Financing Optimization in a Capital-constrained Supply Chain

The decision-making of RFID adoption and the financing strategies in a supply chain with a manufacturer and a capital-constrained retailer, who faces inventory misplacement problem is investigated in this paper. Four scenarios of trade credit financing or bank financing without/with RFID technology through the Newsvendor model are considered. The corresponding optimal profits under different scenarios are derived, and then the equilibrium strategies for RFID adoption and financing of the supply chain are explored. It is found that the capital-constrained retailer can obtain more funds from bank financing, whereas the retailer is more willingness to choose trade credit financing as the initial capital decreases. When the retailer's initial capital is moderate, the retailer prefers trade credit financing to bank financing if the misplacement rate increases or the RFID cost decreases. Furthermore, bank financing may alleviate the retailer's inventory misplacement problem.