普惠金融支持光伏发电发展的空间效应研究

近年来中国光伏发电装机在上网电价补贴支持下快速发展，然而当前面临着补贴拖欠和退坡的严峻挑战，因此通过金融手段解决光伏发电融资难题至关重要。尽管近年来各省获取金融服务的水平整体有所提升，但空间上仍存在明显发展不平衡的问题。因此，本文对中国普惠金融发展指数及其对中国光伏发电发展促进作用进行空间相关性检验，引入空间权重并选取各省太阳辐射量、电力消费量、煤炭消耗量和各省电价补贴额度等作为控制变量，构建了普惠金融对光伏装机规模影响的空间面板计量模型。结果表明，中国普惠金融发展水平呈现西低东高发展格局，而光伏发电发展也具有显著的空间异质性；光伏发电前期阶段主要由光照资源主导因而分布在西部地区，后期装机中心向普惠金融水平更高的东部地区转移；可见中国普惠金融发展对光伏装机容量具有显著支持效果，且该支持效果存在空间溢出效应。因此，相对于政府补贴等方法，普惠金融水平的提升可以更有效支持光伏发电发展。

Study on the Spatial Effect of Inclusive Finance on Supporting the Photovoltaic Power Development

China's Photovoltaic (PV) power develops rapidly in recent years under the support of feed in tariff subsidy. However, it is facing the severe challenge of subsidy phase out. So it is very important to solve the financing problem of photovoltaic power generation. Although the overall level of access to financial services has improved in last ten years in China, there are still obvious problems of unbalanced development in space. Therefore, the spatial correlation of China's inclusive financial development index and its role in promoting the development of China's photovoltaic power generation has been tested in this paper. The results show that (i) the development level of China's inclusive finance shows a pattern of low in the West and high in the East, while the development of photovoltaic power generation also has significant spatial heterogeneity; (ii) PV panel is mainly installed in the western region with abundant solar irradiation resource at its early stage, however new PV is mainly installed in the eastern region with higher level of Inclusive Finance in recent years; (iii) it shows that the development of China's inclusive finance has a significant supporting effect on photovoltaic development, and the support has a spatial spillover effect. Therefore, compared with government subsidies, the improvement of the space inclusive finance can support the PV power development more effectively in China.