城市化、收益递增与经济增长

随着经济增长理论的发展演变,经济学用收益递增来解释经济的长期增长,这也为解释城市的存在和发展提供了新的理论视角。经济学家对于城市化的作用提出了新的认识:通过城市化,经济活动在城市地区聚集起来就会促进技术创新。依靠技术创新,依靠城市的多样性、城市在人力资本积累和生产协作方面的优势,提高生产要素的产出效率,成为现代经济增长的根本途径;城市化有利于扩展市场,提高产业协作效率,形成有利于分工的制度和文化,促进了分工的演进,从而进一步促进经济增长。从社会发展来看,政策的设计应从抑制城市化和城市增长转向城市治理,发挥城市在经济发展中的积极作用。

Urbanization,Increasing Returns and Economic Growth

With the development of the economic growth theory,the economists have begun to apply the increasing returns to explain the economy's long-term growth,which also provides a new approach to the explanation of the existence and development of the city.The economists come to a new understanding of the significance of unbanization,that is,the qtechnology innovation can be launched in the economic activities gathered around the city.The fundamental way to modern economy growth must depend on the technology innov...