《红楼梦》中妾的地位及其生存方式

妾媵制度是男权社会发展到一定阶段的产物,是封建私有制和等级制度相结合下的畸形现象。清代对纳妾更趋于放任、自由,单是一部《红楼梦》我们就可以看出清代置妾之风的鼎盛。妾的身份卑贱低微,她们是封建家长和嫡妻奴役和驱使的对象;但妾的身份又高于一般的奴隶,处于一种“二层主子”的地位。《红楼梦》中的小妾虽处于相同的生活环境和半主半奴的地位,但她们对待生活的态度和生存方式各不相同。

On the Status and Survival Method of the Concubines in Dream of the Red Chamber

Concubine-system is the product of the development of male right society,and is the anomaly combination of the feudal private ownership system and hierarchy.Men had more freedom to have concubines in Qing Dynasty and the concubine-system was on its day,which could be reflected in Dream of the Red Chamber.Having low status,concubines were the slaves of men and their wedded wives.However,the identity of concubines was higher than the ordinary slaves,and they were the "second masters".On Dream of Red Chamber,concubines lived in the same living environment and were the semi-slaves,but their attitude toward life and survival method was different.