英美法的动物致害责任

动物致人损害是一种常见的侵权现象。其行为主体的特殊性决定了动物致害责任的归责原则和构成要件必然不同于一般的侵权责任。英美法系国家运用成文法与传统的普通法相结合的二元方法对动物侵权领域进行全面系统的规范,无论从内容上还是调整技术上讲都别具一格。文章对英美法上的动物致害责任,主要是危险动物责任,牲畜侵入责任以及动物侵权过失诉讼和妨害诉讼作了介绍与分析评价,并就如何完善我国的动物致害责任提出了建议。

On Anglo- American Animals' Liability

It is a common tort for animals causing damages. Definitely, animals' liability is different from other tort liabilities with regards to the principle for the imposition of liability and elements, due to distinction of the conducting subject. Anglo-American countries adopt both statutes and traditional common law to deal with various types of the animal cases, which are totally distinguished from other countries, both in contents and in regulating methods. In this article, Anglo-American animals liability, mainly including liability for the damage done by dangerous animals, by trespassing livestock, is enunciated and evaluated. The author also comes up with some suggestions on how to modify Chinese animals' liability legislation.