西方文化形态史观的中国回应

源自20世纪上半叶的西方文化形态史观,由斯宾格勒首创,汤因比继之.这种西方史学的新说,自上个世纪20年代初期传入中国已有整整80年,它在中国各个历史时期发生了不同的回响.文化形态史观对40年代初战国策派的影响深刻,林同济与雷海宗接纳与改造了它,并运用于中国历史研究.对战国策派学人在20世纪中西史学交流史上的地位应作新的评价.

The Western Historical Viewpoint of Cultural Morphology in Modern China

The western historical viewpoint of cultural morphology which originated in the first half of the 20 th century was founded by Oswald Spengler and followed by Arnold J. Toynbee. This is a new theory about western historiography. It has been 80 years since its translation in China in the early 1920s. This new idea has met with various responses in various periods of Chinese history. It exerted profound influence on the Zhanguoce Clique in the early 1940s. It was adopted and reformed by Lin Tong-ji and Lei Hai-zong, and was applied to Chinese history research. This writer makes a new appraisal of the role of the Zhanguoce Clique intellectuals in the history of exchange of historiography between China and the west in the 20 th century.