中美创新机制文化背景比较研究--基于儒家文化与实用主义哲学的视角

文章通过对比中美文化背景，探究两国创新机制形成和发展差异的深层次原因。以儒家文化为主线分析了孔子、董仲舒和朱熹掀起的儒家思想发展的三次高峰，发现中国文化中存在着“权威主义”和“复古文化”的倾向，潜移默化地影响着中国创新机制的形成和发展。美国的实用主义哲学却奉行“自由”和多元化，是注重行动和实践的哲学，有力地推动了美国创新机制的形成和发展。中国传统文化在某些方面对民族创新能力的培养和发挥存在一定的负面影响，在弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化的同时，要在哲学文化层面反思的基础上扬弃并求得发展，付之于切实有效的行动，以提高民族的创新能力。

A Contrastive Study of the Cultural Circumstances for Innovation Mechanism between America and China---From the perspective of Confucianism and Pragmatism

This paper , through a comparison of the cultural circumstances in both China and the USA , probes into the underlying reasons for the differences in the development and shaping of innovation mechanism between the two countries .In the part of Confucianism , the three most prominent development stages are ana-lyzed by following an analysis of Confucius , Dong Zhongshu and Zhu Xi .The analysis shows that there exists“authoritarianism” and the“tendency toward idolizing the ancient culture” in Chinese culture , which exerts a subtle influence on the formation and development of the innovation mechanism in China .Pragmatism in the US, on the contrary , pursues “liberty” and “diversification”, with emphasis on action and practice , and therefore has propelled the formation and development of innovation mechanism in this country .Chinese tradi-tional culture has certain negative influence on the nurturing of people ’ s innovative ability , hence when pro-moting Chinese traditional culture , people should base the development on philosophical reflection and learn to develop what is useful and discard whatis not , and furthermore , stress the importance of practice so as to in-crease Chinese people ’ s innovative ability .