"力本"转向"人本":梁启超人文视野中的"进化"

梁启超自1897年由严复《天演论》译稿初识进化论,新的历史时空观由此开启,其政治、社会、文化观念因之而变:1902年前后力倡竞争、革命、破坏主义等力本论思想,不久转向主张调适、渐进,20年代重新阐释“进化”,指出物质进化与精神进化的区别,尤其关注人类历史进程中螺旋演进甚至循环往复的进化的特殊性呈现。基于人文视野对进化论认识的调整与深化,构成梁启超科学文化思想的一部分。

Theory of Evolution in Liang Qichao''''s Humanity Perspective:from Dynamic to Non-linear Evolution

Learning the "Theory of Evolution" from Yanfu's translation works since 1897,Liang Qichao regulated his series of conceptions in politics,society and culture in the global historical frame of time and space.Around 1902,Liang insisted in dynamic evolution including revolution,competition even destructiveness.Soon Liang turned to moderate and gradual change.In 1920s,Liang pointed out the difference between material evolution and spiritual evolution,especially interpreted some special phenomena in the history of mankind.From humanity scope Liang's deepening cognitions in evolution also consisted in a vital part of his scientific culture idea.