技术路径嵌入:邻避运动治理反思与路径拓展

邻避运动的治理是学界关注的热点议题,传统的治理思路大多是基于利益补偿的“市场路径”,或是基于公众参与的“回应路径”。通过对R市10年核电历程的调查发现:传统邻避治理路径应对风险集聚类设施引发的邻避现象时,公众的“经济理性”和“价值观念”的交织会使市场路径失去成效;而“权力惯性”与“权利抗争”的互构也会导致回应路径陷入歧途。其失效的深层逻辑在于:目标趋利化和主体单一化使传统治理路径无法有效应对预期损失较高的“风险集聚类设施”。鉴于此,提出基于目标重塑和主体重组的技术路径嵌入到传统治理机制中,针对不同类型的邻避设施采取不同的治理路径,以找回“邻避”有效治理的最后一块拼图。

The Embedding of Technological Path:Reflection and Reconstruction of the NIMBY Movement Governance

NIMBY movement has been a hot topic of wide concern. The traditional NIMBY movement governance mainly involves the "market path" based on benefit compensation or the "response path" based on public participation. Through the 10-year field work of R city,it is found that, when the market path is woven into the conventional governance mechanism, the combination of "economic rationality" and "values" of the protesters will make the market path ineffective; the mutual construction of "power inertia" and "rights struggle" will render the "response path" to go astray. The deep logic of its failure is that under the arrangement of the existing political system, "excessive pursuit of interests" causes people''s demands to be suppressed by government demands,and "the oligopoly of the governing subject" usually makes the "response path" translate into "power path". In view of this, it is proposed that the "technological path" be embed into the traditional governance mechanism so as to find the last piece of the puzzle of effective governance of the NIMBY.