"儒教"还是"儒学"?——关于近年中日两国的"儒教"说

在中日两国学术界中,关于儒学还是儒教的论说由来已久。从"儒学"的原始形态来说,"儒学"并不是现在一般意义上所说的宗教;从"儒学"的展开历史看,中国儒家学说的主流从来没有成为如西方现代"Religion"那样意义上的宗教。把儒学称为"儒教"的表象之下,反映了对西方文化受容的变异。中日两国虽然都用"儒教"一词,但是在这一文化现象的深层,有着两国近代史化过程中社会对待宗教不同态度的痕迹,存在相互认知上的错位。正确认识儒学具有重要的现代意义。

Confucianism: " Religious "or" Scholastic "?——on the View of" Confucian Religion "Held in China and Japan in Recent Years

For a long period of time,the debate on whether Confucianism is "religious" or"scholastic" has aroused attention of not only Chinese and Japanese but also European and American scholars,and therefore,is worth considering in a deep-going way.In terms of the original meaning Confucianism was not a religion in its general sense while from the perspective of its developmental history,the mainstream Confucian doctrine has never been the "religion" in the Western sense.The fact of calling Confucianism "Confucian religion" reflects the variation of the Oriental reception of the Western culture.Though both Chinese and Japanese adopt "Confucian religion",there is a trace of the different societal attitudes towards religion in the modern historical development and a dislocation of mutual cognition between the two countries in the deep structure of this cultural phenomenon.It is of great significance of modernity to understand Confucianism.