社会流动与流动者的关系网络

本研究通过对厦门市流入者的关系网络的实证考察，主要的发现是：农村出身者的网络总量以及邻居、同乡关系的量大于城市出身者，但是网络持续性较弱；流动距离对同乡关系产生正向影响；在关系网络的量以及同质性方面，到达阶层较低的流动者大于或强于到达阶层较高的流动者；流入年数对亲戚关系以及网络持续性、职业同质性产生正向影响；教育年数的增加可以促进同事、同学、朋友关系的形成，并导致网络选择性、扩大性增强，网络持续性减弱；政治身份的向上流动可以导致网络总量以及邻居、同学、同乡关系增多，并导致网络同质性增强。这些发现说明，国外学者的先行理论在中国社会的应用具有一定的局限性。作者认为，这是由在漫长的农业社会中形成的血缘、地缘意识被深深内化，以及城乡社会结构的差异、社会流动的特性、人口城市化与生活城市化的不一致性等中国社会独特的社会历史文化所导致的。

Social Mobility and Migrating Workers' Social Networks

The investigation of the social networks of the people who had migrated into Xiamen revealed the impact of social mobility on social networking. The main findings include： Those from rural areas showed a larger gross volume of social networking and bigger social networks with neighbors and countrymen than those from urban areas， although the persistence of their social networks appears to be weaker than that of the latter’s; the distance of mobility correlated positively with the volume of social networking with countrymen; compared with those who had moved into higher social strata， people in lower social strata had a larger volume of social networking that was more homogeneous; number of years staying in Xiamen correlated positively with the volume of networking with relatives， persistence of the network， and occupation homogeneity; increased years of education facilitated the formation of networks with colleagues， fellow students and friends， and thus led to wider networking and better selection but weaker network persistence; the upward political mobility resulted in an increased gross volume of networking as well as the number of relationships with neighbors， fellow students and countrymen， which enhanced the homogeneity of their networks. These findings have indicated that the existing theories of foreign scholars have their limitation when applied in China. This can be attributed to the deep internalization of the kinships and regional relationships formed in the long agricultural society， the differences of the social structures between rural and urban areas， the characteristics of social mobility， the inconsistency between population urbanization and life urbanization， and the unique socio historical culture in China.