康德美学背景中的成仿吾文艺批评观

成仿吾以康德美学为基础构建了自己的文艺批评理论体系。在文艺批评本体论上,他以康德哲学认识论解释“客观”、“自我”等概念,指出文艺批评是“自我”的表现;在文艺批评建设论上,他提倡以“反省”的方法,借助“合目的性”概念,从具体的批评实践中提炼出具有普遍有效性的文艺批评理论体系;在文艺批评方法论上,他提出了以“同情”为批评方法和批评态度;在文艺批评对象论上,他从康德哲学关于“美的艺术”理论出发,坚持文学艺术的独立价值在于作品的能引起想象力和知性协调自由运动的“论理的形式”和“审美的形式”。总之,在康德美学背景下进行观照,成仿吾文艺批评观体现出相当的严谨性和理论深度。

Cheng Fangwu's Literary Criticism in the Background of Kant's Aesthetics

Cheng Fangwu builds up his theory of literary criticism based on Kant's aesthetics.In the ontology of literary criticism,he borrowed the Kantian notions of "objectivity" and "ego" and claimed that literary criticism is the expression of "ego".In the development of literary criticism,he used reflection to set up his framework of literary criticism.In the methodology,he regarded sympathy as a useful method.In the object of criticism,he inherited Kant's aesthetic theory in which the value of literary works is arousing imagination. In a word,seen from the perspective of Kant's aesthetics,Cheng Fangwu's theory of literary criticism is fairly cohesive and insightful.