论余华小说的暴力审美与死亡叙述

余华对暴力的关注是对历史的一种重新解读,其小说中的暴力描写不再注重于简单的历史结论,而是深入到历史的背后和人性的潜意识,对人的本能的攻击性及其相应的暴力性行为进行真实的还原,从而揭示那些导致暴力性事件的人性的必然性因素。如果说余华小说的暴力审美揭示了人类审美行为的另一面,那么它对死亡的关注则显示着人的生命的另一极。在余华的小说中,生与死作为人生的两极构成了一个宿命式的循环圈,死亡作为生命的归宿不仅是生命的结束,也是生命的寄托,死亡的过程与瞬间是人生宿命的一个聚焦点。其小说从不同的人称和视角展开死亡叙述,对死亡作了不同侧面、不同意向的表现。

Aesthetics of Violence and the Narration about Death in Yu Hua's Novels

It is a kind of reinterpretation about the history that Yu Hua pays attention to violence. The violence depiction in Yu’s novels does not pay attention to the simple historical conclusion,but opens out the inevitable factors in the human nature about resulting in violence by going deep into the historical backsides and the humanistic latent consciousness, and by truly reverting the instinctive attacking and the corresponding violent behaviors. The attention to death shows the another side about the life if the aesthetics of violence discovers another side of the human aesthetic actions in his novels. In these novels, living and death, which are the two poles of life, form a fateful circle. Death is the ending as well as the bailment of life. The process and moment of the death is a focus of the living fate. The novels outspread the narration about the death and interpret the different contents and intentions about it.