成长的仪式:文化人类学视野中的青少年的性与性教育

从文化人类学的研究视野来看,青少年的性教育是他们在青春期所经历的一个重要的成长仪式。作为一种成长的仪式,性教育具有丰富的社会意义,并承担着重要的社会文化功能。在仪式的变迁过程中,以同辈群体为中心的非正式制度层面的性教育仪式逐渐被以学校为中心的正式制度层面的性教育仪式所取代。然而,正式制度层面的性教育仪式却在当前社会中面临着危机与尴尬,其根源不仅仅是当前学校性教育中方法和内容等存在着问题,更重要的是青少年在性教育仪式中主体性的缺失。要改变这些状况,我们需要再造仪式,注重青少年在性教育仪式中主体地位的建构,把性教育当作是一种青少年的主体权利。

Teenage Sex Education from the Perspective of Cultural Anthropology

From the perspective of cultural anthropology,the sex education of teenagers is an important rite of passage which they must experience.Sex education has great social significance and an important socio-cultural function.Sex education has undergone a transition in recent years from being peer-led to school-centered formal education.However,the latter has given rise to several problems in terms of delivery methods,content and main subjects.To resolve these issues,we need to overhaul the sex education system and treat it as a teenage right.