经济学视野下的马克思恩格斯“和平变革”思想解析

马克思恩格斯既反对忽视客观条件变化,单纯暴力革命的想法;又反对意在否定工人阶级革命主观能动性的“和平过渡”思想。他们在深入分析资本主义社会经济运行机制的基础上,提出了“和平变革”思想。马克思恩格斯认为,科学技术的发展推动的社会化大生产及其与资本的互动,激化资本和信用制度固有的二重性的矛盾,并引发社会危机,从而完成社会体制的变革。而由于传统意义上资产阶级和工人阶级的消失,“单纯的管理”层“知识型”工人阶级成为新的“社会革命”的主体力量。随着股份制公司的发展及其工人自己的合作工厂的建立,共产主义将成为“在保证社会劳动生产力极高度发展的同时又保证人类最全面的发展”的经济形态。

On Marks and Engels' Thinking of "Peaceful Revolution" under the Economic Vision

Science and technology developed socialized production,the interaction of whici with the capital and credit system triggered the duality inherent contradictions,and then trigger a social crisis,leading to institutional changes in society;Along with the traditional sense of the disappearance of the bourgeoisie and the working class,"pure management" and "knowledge-based working class" has become the new main force of "social revolution".With the development of joint-stock companies and the worker-cooperation factories established,it is likely to achieve the transition to communism peacefully.Afterwards,the author recalled the struggle between the revolution and evolution in the international communist movement,pointing out the peaceful transition and development has been the modern countries' changing trend.