美国儿童家庭寄养体系及其启示

家庭寄养是替代传统机构养育、更有利于特殊儿童照料和身心发展的福利服务模式。美国儿童家庭寄养分为普通家庭和亲属寄养,其核心理念是"稳定"与"儿童利益最大化",提倡寄养儿童与原生家庭融合。进入寄养体系的儿童主要因为受虐待或忽视,难于管教和遭受父母遗弃。美国儿童寄养体系常用的评估标准是从安全性和永久性两个维度中抽取的六项指标,分别为:虐待重发率,寄养儿童虐待/忽视率,重新进入寄养系统率,与原生家庭重新融合时间,获得收养时间,寄养安置的稳定性。

Child Foster Care System in America and Its Implications

Foster care in America is a substitute of traditional institute care and a better welfare service mode for the raising and somatopsychic development of special children,which can be divided into general family care and kinship care.The core of foster care system is stability and maximum benefit for children,advocating children to be reunified with their biological families in order to develop a stable family environment.Maltreatment or ignorance,difficulty in disciplining and abandonment by natural parents ...