五四时期毛泽东的思想倾向及其转变过程

五四运动前后是毛泽东马克思主义世界观形成的重要时期。我国理论界一种比较主流的看法是 ,毛泽东在 1 92 0年冬已经转变成为马克思主义者 ,笔者认为 ,这种看法值得商榷。史料分析表明 ,毛泽东是在 1 92 0年底 1 92 1年初开始接受马克思主义 ,尔后通过参与组织工人的政治活动逐渐转变成为马克思主义者的。毛泽东的世界观的转变和政治立场的转变有一致的方面 ,也有不一致的方面。从最初的主观唯心主义到唯物史观的基本确立使毛泽东最终抛弃了小资产阶级的无政府主义和民主改良主义而转向无产阶级的共产主义 ,但是对唯物辩证法的不甚了解 ,又使得毛泽东的哲学世界观只是初步的马克思主义。这种状况是与马克思主义哲学传入中国的历史过程相一致的 ,当唯物史观已经被陈独秀、李大钊以及后来的毛泽东所基本接受和掌握时 ,唯物辩证法思想的传播尚在起步 ,中国共产党就是在有了一定的理论准备而这种准备又不很充分的情况下成立的。

Mao Zedong's Thinking Tendency and Its Process of Transformation during the May 4th Movement

Mao Zedong's Marxist Weltanschauung was formed during the May 4th Movement of 1919. The common idea about Mao Zedong's thinking transformation during that time is that he had already been a Marxian in the winter of 1920. This paper disagrees. After analyzing the historical materials, it points out that Mao Zedong began to accept Marxism during the late of 1920 and the beginning of 1921, and he gradually became a Marxian through organizing the worker's political movement later on. From the subjective idealistic to the establishment of materialist conception of history, Mao Zedong at last discarded the petty bourgeoisie anarchism and the democratic amelioration, and he changed to the proletarian communism. But he didn't know a lot about the materialistic dialectics, it made Mao Zedong's philosophy Weltanschauung be only the primary Marxism.