试论我国乡村精英研究的范式转换

中国传统社会的＂皇权止于县政＂为乡村治理留下了相当的＂自治＂空间,乡村精英人物顺势担负起了这一职责。随社会历史的发展变革,国家权力逐渐深入下沉到乡村社会基层,加强了国家对乡村的控制和资源获取,因循这一现实,乡村精英人物也不断受历史的裹挟发生演变分化。学者们从不同角度对这一问题进行了大量研究,一百多年来,乡村精英研究的范式经历了如下转换：从乡村精英地位和功能的研究到乡村精英角色的分类研究再到乡村精英的结构及其变迁趋势研究等逻辑嬗变过程。

Transformation of Paradigms for Studying Village Elites in China

One of the ways of government in ancient China was that the imperial power gave much authority to the counties for rural self-government,which then was undertaken by the village elites.With the social and historical development,the power of central government gradually extended down to the rural areas,which strengthened the power to control and obtain the resources in rural areas.Accordingly,the village elites evolved with the course of history.So many scholars have studied this issue from different angels for more than 100 years.The paradigms for studying village elites have been transformed logically many times： from the study of the position and function of the country elites to the study of classification of their roles,and then to the study of the structure and the changes of the village elites.