土家族传统民歌歌词中存在的古典文学元素——以湖北恩施市太阳河乡《先生歌》为例

土家族传统民歌内容丰富、种类繁多，是土家人劳动生活和智慧的结晶，是土家族精神文化的体现。其歌词除含大量民间文学元素外，还因受中原汉文化影响，存有少量古典文学元素值得研究。地处清江流域中游的恩施市太阳河乡存有一首《先生歌》很具代表性，它既有鲜明的教化功能与深厚的古典文化底蕴，又有通俗的民间表现形式，其文学和音乐价值并存，具有经典的历史文化价值，值得传承和保护。

Classical Literary Elements in Traditional Tujia Folk Songs

With rich contents and various categories,traditional Tujia folk songs are the crystallization of Tujia people's labour and life and their wisdom,embodying Tujia sprirtual culture.The words of Tujia songs are influenced by Han culture in China's Central Plains in addition to a great deal of folk cultural elements,thus there are a few classical literary elements worth studying.The Songs of Teachers in Tai Yanghe of Enshi county along the middle reach of Qingjiang river is highly representative,which takes on both distinct instructive functions,in-depth classical cultural connotations,and the popular folk forms of representation.The literary value and musical value coexist in them which have cannonical cultural and historical values,thus worth inheriting and protecting.