李泽厚后期对实践论美学的理论背离

20世纪80年代末以来，李泽厚力图在美学上作新的突破，将其后期美学建构的思想基础，从“社会实践本体论”、“工具本体论”转向到“心理本体论”、“情感本体论”，从“自然的人化”转向到“人的自然化”，进而以一种个体性、主观化、感性化的历史观来阐释美学现象和关学问题，这就在根本上放弃了马克思主义实践论这一思想依据和前提。这不能不说是对其前期所倡导的“实践论美学”思想的一种“理论背离”。深究起来，李泽厚后期的上述“背离”，既有特定的社会历史的动因，也有李泽厚个人的心理动因。鉴于李泽厚之于中国思想界的重要性，我们还应通过李泽厚对实践论美学的“理论背离”来简要地分析中国思想界的整体走向。

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Since the late 1980s, Li Zehou sought to make new breakthroughs in the aesthetics. In the aesthetics in his late period, he shifted from social practice ontology and tool ontology to psychological ontology and emotional ontology, and from the ＂natural man＂ to naturalization. This is a fundamental departure from the Marxist theory of practice and a theoretical departure from the ＂Practical Aesthetics＂ that he had advocated. These departures are results of the time and his personality. In view of the important position of Li Zehou in the ideological circle in China, this article makes a brief analysis of the overall trend of the Chinese ideological circle through the ＂theoretical departures＂ of Li Zehou in his aesthetics.