转轨前中东欧与中国经济体制的"可放弃性"问题

对经济转轨后出现的“中国奇迹”与“东欧困境”的解释,已成为国际上转轨经济学界最大的论题之一,论者在概念上似乎都认为中国与中东欧在改革前都是“计划经济”,两者的差异只在于对“计划经济”采取了不同的改造方式。其实,中国与中东欧在改革前的经济体制差异更大,中国具有更多的“命令经济”的成分,而中东欧则较多的“理性计划经济”的成分,后者的绩效显然优于前者。但在迈向市场经济的道路上,后者注定要付出更大的代价。

"Abandonability" of the Central & East European and Chinese Economic Structures Before the Transformation

Interpretations of the "Chinese wonder" and "East European predicament" after the economic transformation have become one of the major themes of the international transformational economic community. Conceptually, scholars seem to believe that pre-reform China and Central East Europe lived under planned economy, the only difference between the two being the different modes of reform over planned economy. As a matter of fact, great differences existed between China and Central East Europe in their economic structures before the reforms. The Chinese economy had more elements of " order economy" , while the Central & East European economy had more elements of " rational planned economy" with obviously better achievements than the former. However, the latter had to pay a greater cost on the way to market economy.