“二陆”的悲情与创作

西晋时期的文学家陆机和陆云被钟嵘称为"二陆",陆氏为东南望族,"二陆"的祖父陆逊是吴国的丞相,父亲陆抗为吴国的大司马。吴亡,陆机、陆云隐退故里10年,后到京城洛阳拜访时任太常的著名学者张华,受到器重,但政治上却不得志,陆机甚至死于"八王之乱"。陆机和陆云的性格迥异表现在文学创作上,就形成了不同的风貌,陆机繁缛,陆云鲜净。然而两人都很强调文学艺术的社会价值和文化传承的作用。陆机的作品《文赋》精微地论述了文学创作的过程,在艺术构思、谋篇布局、美学标准和文体的分类方面提出了一系列有价值的主张。

The Tragedy and Works of the "Two Lus"

Lu Ji and Lu Yun,who were writers in the Western Jin Dynasty,are called the "Two Lus" by Zhong Rong.The Lu was a prominent race in the southeastern.Lu Xun,grandfather of the "Two Lus,’’ was the Prime Minister of the State of Wu,and Lu Kang,father of the "Two Lus," was the Great Secretary of Wu.When the State of Wu perished,Lu Ji and Lu Yun withdrew to their hometowns for ten years,and later,when they were visiting the distinguished scholar Zhang Hua in the capital of Luo Yang,they were regarded highly of.However,they lacked successes in political affairs,and Lu Ji even died in "the upheaval of the eight princes." The characteristics of Lu Ji and Lu Yun varied a great deal,which could be seen in their literary creation,and this led to different forms of styles and features.Lu Ji’s works were various and heavy in pattern while Lu Yun’s were concise and clear.But they both emphasized the social worthiness and the cultural heritage effect of the art of literature.In Lu Ji’s work,Wen Fu,he elaborately discussed the process of literary creation,and made a series of valuable claims on conception of art,organization of layout,aesthetic standard,and on the aspect of the classification of literary forms.