消费与被消费:民国西式餐饮空间中的女性

民国时期，出入西餐馆、咖啡馆之类西式餐饮场所中的女性，有的是追求时尚生活的女顾客，有的则是具有职业身份的女招待。女顾客、女招待的出现，是女性进入社会公共空间的象征，但在都市消费文化和男权意识的作用下，她们又成为被消费的对象，不得不承受男权社会的道德嘲讽与批判。西式餐饮场所中的女性境遇，折射出都市消费空间中的性别与权力关系，也揭示出民国女性生活变迁中的一个悖论，即女性进入社会的过程，又是其成为消费品的过程，充分表明了近代中国女性“社会人”进程的艰难。 

Consumption and Being Consumed: Women in the Western-style Dining Space of the Republic of China

During the 1920s and 1930s,women in western restaurants,cafes and other western dining places were either female customers pursuing fashion or waitresses with professional status.The appearance of female customers and hostesses is the symbol of women entering the public space of society.However,under the influence of urban consumption culture and patriarchal consciousness,they become the objects of consumption and have to bear the moral ridicule and criticism of the patriarchal society.The situation of women in western-style dining places reflects the relationship between gender and power in urban consumption space,and also reveals a paradox in the life changes of women in the republic of China:the process of women entering society is also the process of them becoming consumer goods.This situation shows the difficulty in the process of "social human" of women in modern China.