当前徽州竹雕手工技艺传承模式存在的问题及对策

徽州竹雕手工技艺现有四种传承模式:师徒传承、父子传承、职业学校教学习艺、雇工式传承,这四种模式都存在着不同的问题与挑战。在当今社会语境下,要完善徽州竹雕手工技艺的传承机制,必须从以下方面着手:建立竹雕行业专业技术鉴定与管理组织,确立行业行为规范;颁布学徒合格标准,颁发证书,完善考核制度;规范学徒培养程序;政府对带徒师父和学徒给予经济支持,减小其经济压力。

The Inheritance Patterns of Huizhou Bamboo Carving Skills

There are four inheritance patterns for Huizhou bamboo carving skills： the masters teaching their apprentices, the fathers teaching their sons, the teachers teaching their students in classes in a vocational school, and the employees learning from the boss of the manual workshop. All the four modes have their respective problems and challenges in the market. In the context of current China, the inheriting system of Huizhou bamboo carving skills should be improved from the following aspects： setting up organizations of administrating and technical appraisal for bamboo carving skills and establishing industry codes of conduct; setting up a standard of an apprentice＇s eligibility, issuing a certificate and improving the examination system; standardizing the training procedures; and supporting the craftsmen and the apprentices financially.