乡镇企业吸纳农村劳动力就业力度下降的原因分析——基于面板数据的实证研究

促进农村劳动力的就地转移就业是新型城镇化建设的重中之重,能够吸纳农村劳动力就地转移就业的主要载体就是乡镇企业。但是,当前一个不争的事实就是乡镇企业对农村劳动力的吸纳力度不断下降。主要原因有:乡镇企业资本对劳动力的替代并不是很强,乡镇企业没有足够的增长来吸纳劳动力,大多数省份的乡镇企业技术进步偏向仍然是劳动偏向型。国家应继续保持甚至加强对劳动密集型乡镇企业的政策扶持以及创造条件形成乡镇企业的规模经济和集聚效应,从而吸纳更多的农村劳动力通过进入乡镇企业实现就地转移就业。

Township Enterprises' Decreasing Employment Absorption of Rural Labor:An Empirical Study Based on Panel Data

The rural labor transformation is the priority in the new-type urbanization construction, and an important carrier is the township enterprises. However, the fact is that the township enterprises＇ attraction for the rural labor is losing gradually. The substitution of the capital for labor of township enterprises is not very strong, and the enterprises cannot expand enough to attract the labor. The technology progress of township enterprises in most provinces is still labor biased. The government should maintain and even strengthen the policy support for labor intensive township enterprises and create conditions for the formation of scale economy and aggregation effects of township enterprises, in order to attract more rural labor to realize the transformation of employment locally.