产品责任归责原则的法经济学分析

“合理人标准”或“善良家父标准”是传统侵权归责原则判断行为人是否有过错的一般性标准。但是，在产品责任领域将此标准适用到判断产品的状况即产品设计或警示是否有缺陷的问题上时，则缺乏合理性和说服力。要想科学全面地解读产品责任归责问题，我们可以借鉴的一个重要方法就是法经济学分析。法经济学通过对产品责任中成本与收益、风险与效用的经济分析，如运用汉德公式对产品责任人的过错分析，可以找出能够实现最优社会效益的行为模式和责任分担模式。

The Introduction of Law and Economics Analysis about the Imputation Principle of Product Liability

'The Reasonable Persons Criterion' and 'the kind-hearted Father Criterion' are the general standard for the traditional tort imputation principle to judge whether the actors is fault.But these standards lack rationality and persuasion once they are applied to judge the product status, namely whether the design or the wareness of products have defect.If wanting to scientifically and roundly unsramble the problem of the product liability imputation,we should seek support from the fields outside the traditional legal methodology.Thereamong,an important method is law and economics analysis.Through the economics analysis of the cost and profit as well as risk and effect in the product liability,for examaple,applying the Hand Formula to analyze the fault of the product reponsible person,the act pattern and liability allocation pattern to realize the best social benefit can be found.