中国欠发达地区职业农民养老保障问题：困境与挑战

中国的职业农民由于规模庞大以及老龄化趋势的加剧,其养老保障问题已经日益突出,而欠发达地区的种种不利因素又加重了农村社会养老保险制度试验与发展的困难,如农民收入低下与缴费能力弱、地方集体经济落后以及地方政府财政收入和转移支付能力低等。文章提出应当调整和改变当前改革的政策方向,即限制或控制各地的制度差异,在全国构建一个由中央和省级政府共同负责的统一的国民社会养老保险计划,面向城镇职工基本养老保险覆盖对象以外的所有非工资收入从业者(包括职业留地农民、流动人口、乡村企业职工等),以彻底解决欠发达地区职业农民的养老保障问题。

The Social Endowment Insurance of Professional Farmer from the Underdeveloped Areas

The degree of aging phenomena of the professional farmers exists discrepancy among different areas.As contrasted with developed areas,the underdeveloped areas exist some problems,such as the income of the farmer is low,the lag of the region's collective economy,the low finance income and the low ability of transfer payment of the local government.So the mode of the endowment insurance of the underdevelopment presents some basic characters and defects.The paper proposes to adjust and change the current policy and construct a national-level social endowment insurance policy,covering all people taking up an occupation but are not on the wage list,so to completely solve the social endowment problem of the professional farmers in the underdeveloped areas in China.