科学方法的整体论嬗变

尽管现代科学已经对还原论产生了强烈的路径依赖,但还原论者如果不诉诸创世模式和表征主义就无法证明还原论是唯一合理的科学方法论。还原论的认识论基础是表征主义和理论优位的科学观,其形而上学暗示是本质主义的外在存在论和构成性的实体实在论。为了实现从还原论到整体论的嬗变,一方面,应该在内在关系论的认识论基础上将科学视为人类有限的知行体系,引入现象论的参与存在论与生成性的关系实在论等形而上学预设;另一方面,坚持互补、超越层次与领域、重视过程与关系等方法论原则。

The Holism Transformation of Scientific Method

Although there has been an intense path-dependence on reductionism in modern science,reductionists can not prove that reductionism is the unique reasonable scientific methodology if they do not resort to the Creative Pattern and represnetationism.Epistemological foundations of reductionism are representationism and theory-dominant viewpoint of science,which suggest essentialist outside-ontology and constitutive entity realism metaphysically.In order to realize the transformation from reductionism to holism,on the one hand,we should regard science as limited knowledge-action systems of human being based on intra-relationist epistemology,and introduce phenomenalist agential-ontology and generative relational realism as metaphysical premise;on the other hand,we should insist on certain methodological principles such as complementarity,surpassing levels and domains,putting emphasis on process and relation etc.