初创期社工机构治理结构的瑕疵及其完善——以深圳部分社工机构为例

社工机构的治理结构是机构制度建设的核心所在,事关机构的生存和发展。本文通过翔实的数据分析,剖析了深圳初创期社工机构在治理结构设计中的制度性缺陷,以及治理机制建设的严重迟滞问题。尤其是对理事会章程不完备,理事会设置不规范,理事会成员的分工不明确和对机构运作的信息不掌握,理事会角色、权利、责任不到位,监事会设置不规范这五个方面的问题进行实证分析。通过理论研究和数据分析,笔者认为问题的成因与机构发起人对创办机构的宗旨与使命不清晰,对非营利组织的性质、特点和运作方式认识的不到位相关联;还与外部制度环境、监督机制不完善有联系;当然,还与非营利组织服务产出的非市场属性,缺乏效率竞争机制和有效的服务质素评估系统有关。为此,笔者提出了厘清机构使命,提升管理者认知,完善制度设计,利益相关者的协同治理,引入独立理事制度,建立员工代表大会,确立第三方评估机制等七项对策。

The Problems and Solutions to the Governance Structure of Newly Founded Social Work Organizations

Through systematical data analysis,the paper discusses the institutional weaknesses of newly found social work organizations in Shenzhen as well as the problems of under-development of their governance structure.With a theoretical discussion and data analysis,the author suggests that the above problems are due to the following reasons such as unclear aims and goals of the organizations,a misunderstanding of the nature,character and operation of social work organizations,a relatively underdeveloped external environment for the development of the organizations,lack of market competition,monitoring and evaluative mechanisms among the organizations and of their host services.The paper,hence,suggests seven solutions to deal with these issues.