完善我国紧急状态法律制度的思考

随着社会的发展,突发事件不仅频繁发生而且日益呈现出复杂化及危害加重的趋势,这些突发事件随时可能致使国家进入紧急状态。当国家处于紧急状态时,若不行使国家紧急权迅速整合资源应对危机,不但公民的生命财产和正常的社会秩序无法得到保障,甚至国家自身的生存都受到巨大威胁。紧急状态的本质就是国家紧急权的行使及公民权利的限制与克减,其要求国家采取非常态的突破常规法律限制的紧急权及措施应对危机。紧急状态下国家权力尤其是行政权急剧扩张可能会侵犯公民权利,甚至有把国家推向独裁专制的危险。建立紧急状态法律制度已成为了当代民主宪政国家的必要,我国也应在宪法框架内逐步建立完善的紧急状态法律制度。

Ponders on the Improvement of China＇s Emergency State Legal System

With the development of society,sudden-occurred incidents not only frequently taking place but increasingly presents tendency of complication and severe endangering,which will leading the nation into emergency state at any time.When a state enter emergency status,if not execute emergency power to integrate resource coping with risks,not only citizen＇s life and property could be guaranteed,even existence of the nation will be under threat.The essence of emergency is its execution,the limitation of citizen＇s entitled right and its reduction,requiring the nation adopting emergency evacuation measurement to cope with risks.National power under the emergency status especially its administrative power might aggress citizens＇ rights,even with the danger promoting the nation to autarchy and autocratic system.Establishing emergency law system has become necessity for democratic countries,China should gradually set up improved emergency law system within the constitution.