Passing Encounters East and West: Comparing Japanese and American Pedestrian Interactions |
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| Authors: | Miles L. Patterson Yuichi Iizuka Mark E. Tubbs Jennifer Ansel Masao Tsutsumi Jackie Anson |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121–4400, USA;(2) Department of Psychology, Shimane Nursing College, Izumo, Shimane, Japan;(3) Department of Psychology, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan;(4) Present address: Department of Psychology, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study examined the microinteractions of pedestrians in Japan and in the United States as they walked past a confederate. Specifically, the effects of culture, condition (avoid, look-only, and look plus smile) and sex of confederate on glances, smiles, nods, and greetings by passing pedestrians were examined in a field study on over 1000 participants. The hypotheses of (1) lower responsiveness in Japanese pedestrians than in American pedestrians and (2) increased responsiveness as a function of condition were supported in a series of log-linear analyses of pedestrian glances, smiles, nods, and greetings. Both of these main effects were, however, qualified by Culture X Condition interactions on smiles, nods, and greetings, with the large condition effects present in the American pedestrians, but absent in the Japanese pedestrians. The results are discussed in terms of the functions of glances, smiles, nods, and greetings in these brief encounters and how differing cultural norms affect Japanese and American responsiveness. Finally, the limitations of this study and the broader utility of this research paradigm are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Culture Nonverbal communication Pedestrian behavior |
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