人工生育技术的法律问题

科技的发展,使现代人工生育技术得到了广泛的运用。人工授精、试管婴儿、人造子宫、无性繁殖(克隆)等现代人工生育技术的发展,不但改变了人们的生育观念,由此带来的价值冲突也使传统法律受到前所未有的挑战。法律应从人类基本的道德原则出发,从更宽广的视角来审视生育技术可能带来的社会后果,对人工生育的亲子关系、优生立法以及可能存在的民、刑法难题,给予更多的关注和规范。一方面充分肯定人工生育技术对婚姻生育功能的弥补作用,另一方面应对人工生育技术的运用发挥引导和限制作用。

Legal Issues Concerning Artificial Birth Technology

Scientific progress has seen wide applications of modern artificial birth technology. Artificial insemination, the test-tube baby, the artificial uterus, and asexual reproduction (cloning) have not only changed the human concept of birth, but also brought value conflicts that pose an unprecedented challenge to law in its traditional sense. The fundamental principle of human morality should be a starting point for law to examine from a broader perspective the social consequences that birth technology may bring. Greater concern and regulation should be exercised over blood relations of artificial birth, eugenic legislation and possible thorny issues concerning civil and criminal laws. The compensatory benefit of artificial birth technology for the function of marriage and birth should be recognized, but the use of artificial birth technology should be given proper guidance and control.