《汉宫秋》：在历史叙事上的创造与延伸

昭君故事的史传书写、民间传说和文人歌咏构成了昭君故事的“历史叙事”。马致远创作《汉宫秋》的时候,对“历史叙事”有吸收,有改造,作了大胆的超越。但他的超越不是随意的,而是从现实的时代要求出发,抓住古与今的契合点,使之既符合艺术规律,又实现借古讽今的目的,成为一部富有现实意义的历史悲剧。这一改编的成功给现今历史题材作品的创作和改编以很好的启示。

Autumn in the Han Palace: Creation and Transcendency in Narrative History

The narrations of Story of WANG Zhao_jun in history records, folklore and poet's works are dissimilar, and they constituted a new narrative history of Story of WANG Zhao_jun together. MA Zhi_yuan recomposed some scenarios of the traditional narrative text as well as inheriting some contents from it when he wrote his Zaju opera, Autumn in the Han Palace. Furthermore, he made a bold transcendency, which is not at will but based on contemporary needs. According to the demand of times and realism, grabbing the bond between the past and the present properly, he made his drama not only adhere to the rules of art, but also satirize the darkness of Yuan Dynasty by using the old story. In this sense, the drama is a successful tragic opera on history full of realistic meanings. The success of his adaptation gives a good inspiration to the writers who want to write or adapt the works about history and the academicians who want to comment this kind of works.