"六书"新解

"六书"即象形、会意、指事、形声、转注、假借六种造字方法.长期以来,学术界一直认为"六书"之中象形、会意、指事、形声是造字之法,转注和假借不是造字之法,而是用字之法.将"六书"一分为二,一部分称为造字之法,另一部分称为用字之法,这种观点是建立在把汉字仅仅看作是文字--同拼音文字一样的文字的基础上的,依据这样的汉字理论研究"六书",必然得出"转注" 与"假借"不是造字之法,而是用字之法的结论.根据汉字的性质和"六书"本身的特点,可以得出这样的结论: "六书"不仅是汉字的造字之法,同时亦是汉语的造词之法."转注"和"假借"虽然没有形成新字,但却形成了新词,根据汉字字词合一的特点,"转注"和"假借"既是造词之法,又是造字之法.从这个角度看,"六书"是一个不可分割的整体,把"转注"和"假借"看作是"用字之法"而排除在"六书"之外是不合适的.

The New Analysis of "The Six Categories of Chinese Characters"

The Six Categories of Chinese Characters " is pictographic characters,associative compounds, point something, form element with sound element, phonetic loan characters and mutually exploratory characters. For a long time, the point of view has been popular in academia, which is that in " The Six categories of Chinese characters ", pictographic characters, associative compounds, point something and form element with sound element are the methods of creating characters and phonetic loan characters and mutually exploratory characters are the methods of using characters. According to the nature of Chinese characters and trait of "The Six Categories of Chinese Characters", we have a conclusion that "The Six Categories of Chinese Characters" is not only the methods of creating Chinese characters, but also the methods of making Chinese words.