文学形象的叙述学考察——以《红楼梦》为个案

本文以《红楼梦》为个案,从叙述的角度对文学形象(角色)进行了独辟蹊径的考察,认为文学形象与现实的人是两个既有密切联系而又具有完全不同性质的概念,它既具有受叙性,又有施叙性;既有性格性,又有工具性;既有主体性,又有对象性;在某个形象整体中既具独立性,又有部件性。根据不同因素的轻重,角色可以分为施叙角色与受叙角色、性格角色与工具角色、主体角色与对象角色、独立角色与部件角色。总之,文学形象(角色)既有现实的"人"性,又有一定"叙述性",是这两者的奇妙结合。

A Research on the Narratology of Literary Characters: A Case Study of A Dream of the Red Mansions

This paper carries out a case study of literary characters from the narrative point of view in A Dream of the Red Mansions. It holds that the literary character and the persons in real life are at once related and separated. The characters are at once hero(ine)s and narrators. They have personalities, and they are tools. They are both subjects and objects. Taking the character as a whole, it could be independent from the whole while also could be part of the whole. According to the weight of factors, characters are divided into narrator/hero(ine), personality/tool, subject/object, and independent role/part role. To sum up, literary character is a fantastic combination of human nature and narrative skills.