在东方背景下对欧美民族主义思想的考察

近代以来,学术界长期存在着一种对民族与国家概念及两者之间关系的论争。通常认为民族是＂国家存续之唯一合法基础＂,并由此衍生出＂各民族有自决建国之权＂。正因为＂民族＂与＂国家＂的概念紧紧相连,因而＂民族主义＂作为现代国家理论的基础备受追捧。尤其是一些非西方国家,更因民族主义提倡＂各民族有自决建国之权＂,而将其作为摆脱西方国家殖民统治、追求独立建国的理论依据。然而＂民族主义＂终究只是西方学者结合本地区情况提出的一种理论,如果一味将其照搬到东方世界的具体环境下,是否会出现＂淮南为橘,淮北为枳＂的情况？该文从历史的角度对此进行了考察。

A Research of the Euramerican Nationalism under the Oriental Context

In recent years,there have been some debates about the concept of ＂the nation＂ and ＂the state＂,together with their relations,for a long time in the academic circle. It is generally accepted that ＂ the only legal basis for the survival of a country＂ is the nation,which also breeds ＂ all peoples have the right of self- determination＂. And as the concepts of ＂ the nation＂ and ＂ the state＂ connect closely, ＂ the nationalism＂,as the basis of the theory of modern state,becomes very popular. Besides,because the nationalism advocates ＂ all peoples have the right of self- determination＂,some countries especially the non- western countries take the nationalism as the theoretical foundation for their strive in getting rid of the western colonial domination and pursuing independence. However, ＂ the nationalism＂ is just a theory proposed by western scholars according to their local conditions. If we blindly copy it in the specific circumstances of the eastern countries,will the situation that ＂ orange changes in different environments＂ occur？ This article is an attempt to inspect this condition from a historical perspective.