Implicit Black identification and stereotype threat among African American students |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children''s Hospital Boston-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. Louis Children''s Hospital, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA;3. Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;4. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children''s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;5. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children''s Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;6. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seattle Children''s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;7. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Primary Children''s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;8. Department of Anesthesia, Children''s Hospital Boston-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study detects statistically significant and substantively large stereotype threat effects that would remain hidden if Black identification were measured only explicitly. Three hundred and fifty-one students at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) were tested on an implicit Black identification measure in an online survey, and stereotype threat was manipulated beforehand by randomly presenting one of three introductory screens: an all-White research team (high-threat condition), an all-Black research team (low-threat condition), or no team picture (control condition). The implicit Black identification measure predicted pro-Black political opinions (regarding affirmative action and government aid to Blacks, slavery reparations, and the Racial Resentment Scale), high performance on a political knowledge test, and high self-reported political participation. However, under the high-threat condition, Black students with the highest implicit Black identification scores answered 25% fewer political knowledge questions correctly, and reported 25% fewer acts of political participation, compared with students operating under the low-threat conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Stereotype threat Implicit black identification Political knowledge Political participation Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Racial resentment |
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